Ikhebula Yenethiwekhi

I-Network Cable iyisisetshenziswa esidlulisa ulwazi lusuka kwenye idivayisi yenethiwekhi (efana nekhompyutha) luye kwenye idivayisi yenethiwekhi. Iyingxenye eyisisekelo yenethiwekhi. Kunethiwekhi yethu yendawo evamile, intambo yenethiwekhi esetshenzisiwe nayo ingeyezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-LAN evamile ngokuvamile ayisebenzisi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezintambo zenethiwekhi ukuxhuma amadivayisi enethiwekhi. Kumanethiwekhi amakhulu noma ezindaweni ezibanzi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezintambo zenethiwekhi zisetshenziswa ukuxhuma izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanethiwekhi ndawonye.Iyiphi intambo yenethiwekhi okufanele isetshenziswe kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya nge-topology yenethiwekhi, amazinga esakhiwo senethiwekhi kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa.Idlulisela amasignali ngendlela ama-pulses alula futhi aqukethe imicu yokubona eyenziwe ngengilazi noma ipulasitiki esobala.Ngezansi kukhona isingeniso mayelanaIkhebula Yenethiwekhi.

Njengengxenye ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe besimanje bezokuxhumana, yenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokudluliswa kwedatha. Kusukela kumakhebuli ocingo akudala kuya kumafayibha abonakalayo anamuhla asekela ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu, izinhlobo nobuchwepheshe bezintambo zenethiwekhi buye bashintsha kakhulu.

Intambo yenethiwekhi iqukethe amapheya amane ezintambo nama-cores ayisishiyagalombili. Ingqikithi ngayinye inomehluko wombala futhi isetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwedatha. Ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimo ohlelweni oluhlanganisiwe lwezintambo.

1）Kuhlukaniswa ngesenzakalo sokusetshenziswa: ingahlukaniswa ngezintambo zasendlini nezintambo zangaphandle. Izintambo zasendlini zibhekisela ezintamboni ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa izimpawu ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, njengezintambo zenethiwekhi, izintambo zocingo, nezintambo zikamabonakude. Izintambo zangaphandle zibhekisela ezintanjeni ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali ezindaweni ezingaphandle, njengezintambo ezibonakalayo namakhebuli angama-coaxial.

2）Kuhlukaniswa nguisakhiwo: ingahlukaniswa ibe ipheya elisontekile elingavikelekile kanye namapheya asontekile avikelekile. Ipheya esontekile engavikelekile isho ipheya esontekile engenasendlalelo esivikela insimbi sangaphandle, ngokuvamile esisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali e-analog ngesivinini esiphansi. Ipheya esontekile evikelekile isho ipheya esontekile enongqimba lwangaphandle oluvikela insimbi, oluvame ukusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ngesivinini esikhulu amasignali edijithali futhi linokusebenza okuhle kokunqanda ukuphazamiseka.

3）Kuhlukaniswa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo: Isixhumi esibonakalayo singahlukaniswa sibe yi-RJ-11, RJ-45, ne-SC interface. Imbobo ye-RJ-11 isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imigqa yocingo ye-analog, imbobo ye-RJ-45 isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izintambo ze-Ethernet, kanti imbobo ye-SC isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-optical fibers.

 RJ-45RJ11

4）Manje ikhebula lenethiwekhi elivame kakhulu lingahlukaniswa libe izinhlobo ezinhlanu zekhebula lenethiwekhi (CAT.5), (CAT.5E), (CAT.6), (CAT.6A), (CAT.7).

a.Isigaba 5, Ikati5

Ukusetshenziswa: Ikhebula lesigaba 5 yikhebula elijwayelekile le-Ethernet esheshayo (100Mbps) futhi lisetshenziswa kakhulu kumanethiwekhi asekhaya namabhizinisi amancane.

Izici: Imvamisa yokudlulisa: 100MHz.

Isilinganiso Sedatha: Idizayinelwe i-10/100Mbps Ethernet.

Isicelo: Ifanele ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi okuyisisekelo, ukwabelana ngamafayela, nezinsizakalo eziyisisekelo ze-VoIP. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kancane kancane yathathelwa indawo yi-Cat5e.

b.Isigaba 5e, Cat5e

Ukusetshenziswa: Imigqa Emihlanu Ephezulu ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo semigqa emihlanu, futhi ingasekela ngokuzinzile i-Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps).

Izici: Imvamisa yokudlulisa: 100MHz

Izinga ledatha: 10/100/1000Mbps.

Isicelo: Inketho evamile yekhaya lesimanjemanje, ihhovisi kanye namanethiwekhi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, asekela ividiyo enencazelo ephezulu, imidlalo eku-inthanethi kanye nenani elikhulu lokudluliswa kwedatha.

c. Isigaba 6, Ikati6

Ukusetshenziswa: Imigqa Yekilasi Eyisithupha idizayinelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zesivinini esiphezulu senethiwekhi, ikakhulukazi kumanethiwekhi ekilasi lebhizinisi nezikhungo zedatha.

Izici: Imvamisa yokudlulisa: 250MHz.

Izinga ledatha: Isekela i-1Gbps futhi ingafinyelela ku-10Gbps ebangeni elifushane.

Isicelo: Ilungele izindawo ezinezidingo eziphezulu ngesivinini sokudlulisa inethiwekhi nokuzinza, njengamanethiwekhi angaphakathi ebhizinisi nezikhungo zedatha.

d.Isigaba 6a, Cat6a

Ukusetshenziswa: I-Super Class 6 Line inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yomugqa Wekilasi 6, ehlinzeka ngokulawula okungcono kakhulu kwe-crosstalk nomthelela wokuvikela, odizayinelwe ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esiphezulu.

Izici:Imvamisa yokudlulisa: kufika ku-500MHz.

Izinga ledatha: Ukusekelwa okuzinzile kokudluliswa kwe-10Gbps, kanye nebanga elifika kumamitha ayi-100.

Isicelo: Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu esikhathini esizayo, njengezikhungo ezinkulu zedatha, izindawo zekhompuyutha yamafu, nezikhungo zokushintshwa kwenethiwekhi enesivinini esikhulu.

Kusukela ekwakhiweni okulula okusontekile okubili kuya ekwethulweni kwezingqimba ezivikelayo kanye nokwenza kahle kwesakhiwo sekhebula nezinto zokwakha, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bekhebula lenethiwekhi kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali, nokwelula ibanga lokudlulisela. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesidingo sabasebenzisi sejubane nekhwalithi yenethiwekhi, ubuchwepheshe bekhebula lenethiwekhi buye kancane kancane busuka ekudluliseleni isignali ye-analog ukuze busekele ukuxhumana kwedijithali okunesivinini esikhulu, futhi ukwethulwa kwesizukulwane ngasinye sezintambo zenethiwekhi kuwukuqamba okusha futhi okudlula okwedlule. ukukhiqizwa kobuchwepheshe.Imininingwane yezintambo zenethiwekhi imakwa njalo ngemitha elingu-1 emgodleni wekhebula lenethiwekhi. Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa ukuhlonzwa kwe-CAT.6.

Isixhumi se-RJ45 sentambo yenethiwekhi singaba ikhebula eliqondile noma ikhebula le-crossover. Ngomugqa ikhebula zombili iziphetho ziyi-T568A noma zombili ziyi-T568B ejwayelekile; Indlela yokuwela imigqa ukusebenzisa indinganiso ye-T568A ekugcineni kanye ne-T568B ejwayelekile ngakolunye uhlangothi. Manje izimbobo zenethiwekhi yedivayisi yenethiwekhi zisekela ukuguquguquka, ngomugqa nomugqa onqamulayo zingasetshenziswa.

Ukulandelana kwentambo ye-T568A: ① okumhlophe nokuluhlaza ② okuluhlaza ③ okumhlophe nokuwolintshi ④ okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ⑤ okumhlophe nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ⑥ okusawolintshi ⑦ okumhlophe&nsundu ⑧ nsundu

Ukulandelana kwentambo ye-T568B: ① okumhlophe nokuwolintshi ② okuwolintshi ③ okumhlophe nokuluhlaza ④ okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ⑤ okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe ⑥ okuluhlaza ⑦ okumhlophe&nsundu ⑧ nsundu

Tnazi izinhlobo eziningi zezintambo zenethiwekhi, futhi kungaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlukanisa. Khetha izintambo zenethiwekhi ngokusekelwe kuzimo zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezidingo.

Njengesisekelo sokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwentambo yenethiwekhi kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yomphakathi wolwazi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwezidingo zemakethe, ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwekhebula lenethiwekhi kube ukhiye wokwakha inethiwekhi ephumelelayo nethembekile. Ukuqonda ukuvela kobuchwepheshe, izimo zohlelo lokusebenza, nezinqubomgomo zokukhetha zezintambo zenethiwekhi kubalulekile hhayi kuphela konjiniyela benethiwekhi, kodwa nakubasebenzisi abavamile ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwabo lwenethiwekhi. Ukubhekana nezidingo eziphakeme zokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yesikhathi esizayo, ukuqhubeka nokunaka inqubekelaphambili entsha yobuchwepheshe bezintambo zenethiwekhi kuzoba yindlela ebalulekile ngathi yokuxhuma emhlabeni obanzi wedijithali.